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Amin Mawani

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Amin Mawani

Amin Mawani

Associate Professor of Accounting; Program Director – Health Industry Administration Program; Graduate Diploma Coordinator for Health Industry Management Program

amawani@schulich.yorku.ca

(416) 650-8072

Office: Room S349, SSB

  • Area of Expertise

    • Accounting ›
    • Health Industry Management ›

    Research Interests

    • Estate Planning
    • Executive Compensation
    • Finance - Wealth Management
    • Financial Planning
    • Health Care Management
    • Health Economics
    • Health Policy
    • Incentive Plans
    • Income Trust
    • Performance Measures
    • Retirement Planning
    • Tax Planning
    • Tax Policy
    • Transfer Pricing
  • Amin Mawani’s research and teaching examines the impact of taxation on business and personal financial decisions. His research interest include the role of tax policy in promoting healthcare and determining the cost-benefit analysis of illness prevention programs.  

    Honours

    2010-2013 Editor-in-Chief, Accounting Perspectives

    2008-2012 CMA Canada Competency Expert in Financial Management

    2006-2008 Chair of Research Committee, Canadian Academic Accounting Association

    2005-2013 Editorial Boards of Canadian Tax Journal (2013 to date); Advances in Taxation (2014 to date); Contemporary Accounting Research (2010 to date); Accounting Perspectives (2009-2010) and Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences (2005-2010)

    2004 ATAX Research Fellow awarded by Australian Tax Studies Program at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

    2002-2003 Launched and championed a new PhD Program in Accounting at Schulich

    Recent Publications

    Fan, H., Mawani, A., and Chen, L. (Forthcoming), "The Role of Information Asymmetry in Closely-Held Firms’ Tax and Financial Reporting Choices", Accounting and Business Research.

    Keywords
    • Closely-Held Firms
    • Financial Reporting Aggressiveness
    • Tax Reporting Aggressiveness

    Open Access Download

    Abstract

    This study examines whether and how closely-held ownership is associated with the relationship between tax and financial reporting aggressiveness. More specifically, we find that although both closely-held and widely-held firms pursue tax savings and higher reported earnings, closely-held firms are less aggressive compared to widely-held firms in pursuing both simultaneously. We argue and find evidence that this is associated with non-controlling shareholders and controlling shareholders concerned about agency costs imposed by each on the other. Furthermore, this finding is driven mainly by firms with high information asymmetry (as proxied by firm size, analyst following and board size), suggesting that information asymmetry is a channel through which closely-held ownership is associated with firms’ tax and financial reporting choices.

    Mawani, A. and Trivedi, V.U. (2021), "Collusive vs. Coercively Corrupt Tax Auditors and their Impact on Tax Compliance", Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, vol 30.

    Keywords
    • Collusive
    • Corruption
    • Tax Auditors
    • Tax Compliance

    View Paper

    Abstract

    This study examines taxpayer compliance in the presence and absence of collusively corrupt tax auditors and compares it to taxpayer compliance in the presence and absence of coercively corrupt tax auditors. Our experimental results show that overall taxpayer compliance declines in the presence of a collusively corrupt tax auditor who accepts bribes that leave the taxpayer economically better off. In contrast, taxpayer compliance increases in the presence of coercive tax auditors who demand moderate bribes. This may reflect taxpayers’ attempt to create a moral distance between themselves and the corrupt auditor. However, such economic sacrifices disappear when the level of bribe demanded by coercive auditors is increased to a higher component of reported income, suggesting that taxpayers may be willing to bear only relatively modest costs to morally differentiate themselves from coercive tax auditors.

    Ahmed, F., El Morr, C., Ritvo, P., Othman, N., Moineddin, R., Ashfaq, I., Bohr, Y., Ferrari, M., Fung, A., Hartley, L., Maule, C., Mawani, A., McKenzie, K., Williams, S. (2020), "Effectiveness of an 8-Week Web-Based Mindfulness Virtual Community Intervention for University Students on Symptoms of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial", JMIR Mental Health, 7(2).

    Keywords
    • Anxiety
    • Canada
    • Depression
    • Mindfulness
    • Online
    • Randomized Controlled Trial
    • Stress
    • Students
    • Virtual Care
    • Virtual Community

    Open Access Download

    Abstract

    Background:
    A student mental health crisis is increasingly acknowledged and will only intensify with the COVID-19 crisis. Given accessibility of methods with demonstrated efficacy in reducing depression and anxiety (eg, mindfulness meditation and cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT]) and limitations imposed by geographic obstructions and localized expertise, web-based alternatives have become vehicles for scaled-up delivery of benefits at modest cost. Mindfulness Virtual Community (MVC), a web-based program informed by CBT constructs and featuring online videos, discussion forums, and videoconferencing, was developed to target depression, anxiety, and experiences of excess stress among university students.

    Objective:
    The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an 8-week web-based mindfulness and CBT program in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress (primary outcomes) and increasing mindfulness (secondary outcome) within a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with undergraduate students at a large Canadian university.

    Methods:
    An RCT was designed to assess undergraduate students (n=160) who were randomly allocated to a web-based guided mindfulness–CBT condition (n=80) or to a waitlist control (WLC) condition (n=80). The 8-week intervention consisted of a web-based platform comprising (1) 12 video-based modules with psychoeducation on students’ preidentified life challenges and applied mindfulness practice; (2) anonymous peer-to-peer discussion forums; and (3) anonymous, group-based, professionally guided 20-minute live videoconferences. The outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, and mindfulness) were measured via an online survey at baseline and at 8 weeks postintervention using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Form (FFMQ-SF). Analyses employed generalized estimation equation methods with AR(1) covariance structures and were adjusted for possible covariates (gender, age, country of birth, ethnicity, English as first language, paid work, unpaid work, relationship status, physical exercise, self-rated health, and access to private mental health counseling).

    Results:
    Of the 159 students who provided T1 data, 32 were males and 125 were females with a mean age of 22.55 years. Participants in the MVC (n=79) and WLC (n=80) groups were similar in sociodemographic characteristics at T1 with the exception of gender and weekly hours of unpaid volunteer work. At postintervention follow-up, according to the adjusted comparisons, there were statistically significant between-group reductions in depression scores (β=–2.21, P=.01) and anxiety scores (β=–4.82, P=.006), and a significant increase in mindfulness scores (β=4.84, P=.02) compared with the WLC group. There were no statistically significant differences in perceived stress for MVC (β=.64, P=.48) compared with WLC.

    Conclusions:
    With the MVC intervention, there were significantly reduced depression and anxiety symptoms but no significant effect on perceived stress. Online mindfulness interventions can be effective in addressing common mental health conditions among postsecondary populations on a large scale, simultaneously reducing the current burden on traditional counseling services.

     

    Trivedi, V.U. and Mawani, A (2020), "Impact of Tax Advisors and Corrupt Tax Auditors on Taxpayers Compliance", Canadian Tax Journal, 68(3), 801-32.

    Keywords
    • Advisers
    • Compliance
    • Corruption
    • Economics
    • Experimental
    • Tax Audits

    Open Access Download

    Balsam S, Fan H, Mawani A, and Zhang D (2020), "The Impact of the Use of Cross-border Compensation Peers: The Case of Canadian Companies Using U.S. Peers", Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance.

    Keywords
    • Benchmarking
    • CEO Pay
    • Executive Compensation
    • Peer Groups

    Open Access Download

    Abstract

    CEO compensation in Canada is significantly lower than that in the U.S. In this paper we examine the choice of, and impact on Canadian CEO Compensation, of using U.S. firms in their compensation peer groups. Using a two-stage model to control for endogeneity, while we find the choice of peers associated with labor market factors, we still find that the use of US peers positively associated with higher Canadian CEO compensation. This finding is after controlling for the traditional determinants of CEO compensation, as well as use of domestic peers. While this result holds for all components of the compensation package, we also find that having U.S. peers is associated with a greater proportion of equity in the compensation package. Our results are robust to various formulations including change models, and using an earlier time period when peer disclosure was voluntary.

    Kanagaretnam, K., Mawani, A., Shi, G. and Zhou, Z. (2020), "Impact of Social Capital on Tone Ambiguity in Banks’ 10-K Filings", Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 28.

    Keywords
    • 10-K Reports
    • Ambiguity
    • Banking
    • Social Capital

    Open Access Download

    Abstract

    We examine whether the social capital index of the county where the bank is headquartered is associated with the ambiguity of tone measures constructed from the textual analysis of banks’ 10-K filings. We hypothesize and find that banks located in high social capital areas exhibit lower ambiguous tone in their 10-K filings. Furthermore, the impact of social capital on management’s 10-K disclosure for banks located in high social capital areas is not mitigated during recessionary periods when management may have more unfavorable news to report. Unlike other studies that suggest that social norms can be forsaken when motive and opportunity exist, our results suggest that social capital is reasonably entrenched in banks’ reporting. In contrast, we find that banks located in low social capital areas report more ambiguously during recessionary periods when management may have to report unfavorable news.

    Kanagaretnam, K., Khokar, R. and Mawani, A. (2018), "Linking Societal Trust and CEO Compensation", Journal of Business Ethics, 151(12), 295-317.

    Keywords
    • CEO
    • Culture
    • Income Disparity
    • Pay
    • Trust

    Open Access Download

    Abstract

    We examine the association between societal trust and the levels of CEO compensation and the proportion of equity-based compensation of 897 firm-years from 18 countries over the 2007–2013 period. We find both the levels of CEO compensation as well as the proportion of equity-based compensation to be lower in countries with higher levels of societal trust. This suggests that costly regulations on CEO compensation may not be as necessary in jurisdictions with higher levels of societal trust. We also examine the association between pay disparity and societal trust. Consistent with our finding of lower pay at the CEO rank, we find pay disparities are lower in countries with higher levels of societal trust.

    Courses Taught

    Ph.D Seminars Taught:


    HLTH 5020: Health and Economics (Health 2011, 2009)

    ACTG 7020: Empirical Methods in Accounting (Schulich 2012, 2009)

    ACTG 7010: Overview of Accounting Research (Schulich 2006, 2003, 2002)

    COMM 659: Seminar in Corporate Governance (UBC 1999)

    COMM 695: Seminar in Taxation (UBC 1999)


    Masters Courses Taught:


    LAW 6730: Managerial Tax Planning (Osgoode Hall Law School LL.M Program) 2013, 2011, 2009

    ACTG 6130: Intermediate Accounting for Masters of Finance - 2014, 2013, 2012

    HIMP 6150: Performance Indicators in Health Care Organizations - 2013, 2012, 2011, 2009, 2006

    ACTG 6710: Introduction to Income Tax -2014, 2007

    INTL 5100: International Financial Reporting for Managers -2007, 2006

    ACTG 5100: Financial Reporting for Managers -2008, 2005

    ACTG 6250: Financial Reporting & Analysis -2002

    ACTG 6700: Managerial Tax Planning 2014, 2013, 2003, 2002

    ACTG 6400: Management Cost Accounting & Analysis -2002

    ACTG 6450: Management Control Systems -2001, 2000

    ACTG 6950: Financial Reporting & Analysis 2001, 2000

    BAAC 520: Taxes and Decision Making I (UBC 1995-2000)

    BAAC 521: Taxes and Decision-Making II (UBC 1995-2000)

    Grants

    Project Title Role Award Amount Year Awarded Granting Agency
    Project TitleEvaluation of Wage Subsidies for Public Corporations during COVID-19 using Legislative and Accounting Disclosures RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$79,200.00 Year Awarded2021-2025 Granting AgencySocial Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)
    Project TitleWhen Financial Reporting Standards Collide RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$33,400.00 Year Awarded2021-2023 Granting AgencySocial Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)
    Project TitleStudent Mental Health: Virtual Support on Campus RoleCo-Investigator Award Amount$410,733.00 Year Awarded2015-2018 Granting AgencyCanadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) Grant
    Project TitleDoes Executive Compensation Change in Response to Changes in Personal Tax Rates RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$26,850.00 Year Awarded2015-2018 Granting AgencySocial Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) Grant
    Project TitleImplicit Taxes and Canadian REITs RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$7,000.00 Year Awarded2015-2016 Granting AgencyCanadian Academic Accounting Association Research Grant
    Project TitleImplementing a Multi-Sector Employment Strategy for Women and Men with Disabilities in South Asia RoleCo-Applicant Award Amount$3,000,000.00 Year Awarded2013-2018 Granting AgencyCanadian International Development Agency (CIDA) Grant
    Project TitleDeterminants of Compensation Peer Groups RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$7,000.00 Year Awarded2014 Granting AgencyCanadian Academic Accounting Association Research Grant
    Project Title Role Award Amount$10,000.00 Year Awarded2012 Granting AgencySchulich-CPA Ontario Research Grant
    Project TitleExecutive Compensation & Cross-Border Peer Groups in Canada RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$49,462.00 Year Awarded2011 Granting AgencySocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council - SSHRC Insight Grant
    Project TitlePerformance Measures in the Health Care Sector RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$10,000.00 Year Awarded2010 Granting AgencySchulich-CMA - Ontario Research Grant
    Project TitleA Business Case for Pandemic Preparedness by Corporations RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$10,000.00 Year Awarded2010 Granting AgencyThe Canadian Financial Executives - Research Foundation Grant
    Project TitleAwareness, Use and Impact of the Children's Fitness Tax Credit (Principal applicant: Dr. Barbara von Tigerstrom, University of Saskatchewan) RoleCo-Investigator Award Amount$241,884.00 Year Awarded2009-2012 Granting AgencyCanadian Institute of Health Research - In partnership with Heart & Stroke Foundation, R & D Health Research Foundation
    Project TitleUse of Peer Group for CEO Compensation RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$8,000.00 Year Awarded2009 Granting AgencyInstitute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario - Research Grant
    Project TitleTaxation of Employee Stock Options RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$29,720.00 Year Awarded2008 Granting AgencySocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council - Standard Research Grant
    Project TitleEquity-Settled Debt: Tax & Accounting Considerations RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$73,500.00 Year Awarded2004 Granting AgencySocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council - Standard Research Grant
    Project TitleTax Neutrality in Canadian Compensation RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$5,000.00 Year Awarded2004 Granting AgencyCMA - York - Research Grant
    Project TitleVarious grants RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$16,000.00 Year Awarded2001, 1998 Granting AgencyCanadian Academic Accounting Association - Research Grant
    Project TitleCancellation of EmployeeStock Options: Tax and Accounting considerations RolePrincipal Investigator Award Amount$48,000.00 Year Awarded1998 Granting AgencySocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council - Standard Research Grant
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